Chatting with the Star Trek Crew
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Instructor >>Hi Obi-Wan Kenobi...Hi Han Solo
Han Solo >>hello
Instructor >>Good to see some of "my" students here
Han Solo >>I am glad I made it
Instructor >>Hi Chewbacca
Chewbacca >>hello
Instructor >>Any questions from you all while we wait for others?
Instructor >>Hi Yoda
Chewbacca >>what we will be covering tonight?
Han Solo >>I think I have one
Instructor >>what would you like to cover....
Yoda >>Hello.
Chewbacca >>lipids and carbs
Instructor >>for sure...what aspects of lipids and carbs
Chewbacca >>whatever will be on the exam --ha
Instructor >>nice try :-)
Han Solo >>the recommended ratio Omega 3 to Omega ^ FA is 1:6
Chewbacca >>digestion
Han Solo >>?
Instructor >>the recommended is somewhere around 1:3 to 1:6....from what I have read.....I don't think we know exactly.....
(note: AI is 10 omega 6 fatty acids for each 1 omega-3 fatty acids (ratio 10:1) ...some experts think it should be more like 5:1 or even 3:1. Prior to the invention of omega-6 rich vegetable oils, the ratio was more like 1:1 (equal amounts of both in diet). Currently the intake of omega 6 to omega 3 fatty acids is more than 20:1....in other words, more than 20 omega-6 fatty acids for each omega-3.)
Chewbacca >>major differences between saturated and unsaturated
*+**** Princess Leia-- entered ANPH0002007FA_Room3. Time:Wed Oct 17 20:03:09 2007
Instructor >>Hi Princess Leia
Princess Leia >>Hi!
Chewbacca >>Is too much omega six harmful
*+**** Padme-- entered ANPH0002007FA_Room3. Time:Wed Oct 17 20:03:32 2007
Instructor >>Okay...we will cover those topics and more
Yoda >>Unsaturated fats have C=C double bonds
Padme >>hello all
Han Solo >>thank you
Instructor >>Hmm...well total fat is linked epidemiologically and in animal studies with some cancers...but its hard to know about certain types of fats
Chewbacca >>okay
Instructor >>Hi Padme
Padme >>hi how are you?
Instructor >>Good...okay...fat digestion
Instructor >>what happens to lipids once they reach the small intestines...
Chewbacca >>they mix with bile
Instructor >>where does the bile come from?
Padme >>the pancreas
Princess Leia >>pancreas
Chewbacca >>liver
Yoda >>bile helps emulsify fats
Chewbacca >>no
*+**** Lando-- entered ANPH0002007FA_Room3. Time:Wed Oct 17 20:06:16 2007
Instructor >>good....made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder and it is sent into the small intestines to emulsify or mix fat and water
Chewbacca >>aha
Han Solo >>pancreatic lipase break apart apart TG in MG ,Glycerol and free FA
Padme >>ok, so insulin is from the pancreas, and bile from the liver
Instructor >>good...that’s right
Princess Leia >>okay.
Instructor >>and insulin is not secreted into the GI tract...it is sent into the blood.
Padme >>ok..got it
Instructor >>what does the pancreas secrete into the GI tract (what generally type of compound)
Han Solo >>bile salts surround the MG and free FA
Lando >>insulin
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Sodium bicarbonate?
Yoda >>pancreatic lipase
Instructor >>what is lipase...what type of compound
Padme >>pancreatic lipase
Princess Leia >>enzyme
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Oh enzyme
Padme >>enzyme
Yoda >>enzyme
Han Solo >>enzyme
Chewbacca >>enzyme
Instructor >>yes...the pancreas secretes enzymes and bicarbonate during digestion.
Instructor >>In the case of lipid digestion....it secretes lipase
Instructor >>what is the micelle and where is it formed?
Chewbacca >>cell membrane
Princess Leia >>micelle is fat drops surrounded by bile salts formed in the sm intestines?
Yoda >>fat transporter
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>A hydrophilic shell of bile around lipids that transport fats through the blood stream and is formed in the villi cells??
Han Solo >>the micelle is formed of bile salts surrounding the MG and free FA
Instructor >>good...so it is a droplet of lipids coated with bile and it forms in the small intestines
Chewbacca >>a lipid droplet
Instructor >>the micelle contents then diffuse into the villi cell. What happens then?
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Goes through blood stream to liver?
Han Solo >>the MG and long chain free FA formed the TG
Princess Leia >>the fat reforms into triglycerides
Instructor >>good...so the TG reforms...then what
*+**** Luke-- entered ANPH0002007FA_Room3. Time:Wed Oct 17 20:11:34 2007
Princess Leia >>formation of lipoproteins?
Instructor >>which lipoprotein
Chewbacca >>lymph or travel into the blood
Princess Leia >>chylomicron
Instructor >>not yet
Han Solo >>along with cholesterol, phospholipids , TG and proteins form chylomicron
Instructor >>good...so the TG reforms and joins with _______, _______ and _______ to make a chylomicron.
Instructor >>ah..Han Solo beat me to the punch
Chewbacca >>mixes with protein, phoshate andtg
Instructor >>so TG, cholesterol, protein and phospholipids form chylomicron and it goes where?
Yoda >>into the blood and lymph
Chewbacca >>lymph and blood
Princess Leia >>into lymph system
Instructor >>into the lymph and then eventually into the blood.
Princess Leia >>then blood at major arteries.
Han Solo >>lymph system and then blood
Instructor >>Which lipid compounds can pass directly into the blood without being transported via the chylomicron
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>LDL HDL?
Han Solo >>glycerol, short and medium free FA
Lando >>sterol
Yoda >>LDL
Instructor >>right Han Solo.
Instructor >>LDL and HDL are not part of lipid digestion...they form after the lipids get into the blood and make their way to the liver
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>OK
Instructor >>cholesterol does end up in the chylomicron in the villi cell.
Instructor >>Give the "fill-in-the-blank" self assessment activity a try under module five in the content page.....you should be able to do that without books and notes
Instructor >>which fatty acid is bent at the double bond?
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Trans
Lando >>cis
Chewbacca >>cis
Princess Leia >>cis
Han Solo >>the cis shape
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Jeez
Yoda >>Cis
Luke >>cis
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>I mean
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Cis
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Total accident
Instructor >>cis....good
Instructor >>what fatty acids have two or more double bonds
Han Solo >>unsaturated
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Unsaturated
Princess Leia >>polyunsaturated
Chewbacca >>unsaturated
Lando >>polyunsaturated
Luke >>polyunsaturated
Instructor >>polyunsaturated....that’s right
Padme >>polyunsat
Instructor >>which fatty acids have the first double bond three carbons from the free or methyl end?
*+**** C-3PO-- entered ANPH0002007FA_Room3. Time:Wed Oct 17 20:16:56 2007
Princess Leia >>omega 3s
Lando >>omega-3
Padme >>omega 3
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Omega 3
Chewbacca >>omega three
Yoda >>Omega 3
Han Solo >>Omega 3 FA
Luke >>omega 3
C-3PO >>hi late ..because of class.
Instructor >>and are omega-3 fatty acids monounsaturated or polyunsaturated
Lando >>polyunsaturated
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Can't they be either?
Princess Leia >>poly
Chewbacca >>both
Yoda >>poly
Han Solo >>both
Padme >>both
C-3PO >>both
Instructor >>nope..omega-3 fatty acids are all polyunsaturated...they have three or more double bonds
C-3PO >>poly...i guess..
Padme >>oh ok
Chewbacca >>ahh man
Han Solo >>ok
Instructor >>what are the two essential fatty acids
Princess Leia >>Linoleic and linolenic
Yoda >>linolenic and Linoleic
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Linoleic and linolenic
Lando >>Linoleic and linolenic
Han Solo >>Linoleic and linolenic
C-3PO >>omega 3 and 6?
Padme >>Linoleic, linolenic
Instructor >>which is omega-3
Luke >>linoleic and linolenic
C-3PO >>linolenic
Han Solo >>linolenic
Yoda >>linolenic
Chewbacca >>omega and something
Padme >>linolenic
C-3PO >>linolenic is omega3. linoleic acid is omega 6
Lando >>linoleic
Instructor >>good....
Chewbacca >>which ones is it?
Instructor >>Which lipoprotein has the most protein in it? (LDL, VLDL, HDL, chylomicron)
Han Solo >>HDL
Luke >>HDL
Instructor >>its linolenic....sorry
Chewbacca >>thanks
Princess Leia >>HDL
C-3PO >>HDL
Padme >>hdl
Chewbacca >>was it linoleic and omega three?
Instructor >>right...good....which lipoprotein is "dangerous" and should be lowered in the blood if its high.
Yoda >>LDL
Princess Leia >>LDL
C-3PO >>LDL
Padme >>ldl
Han Solo >>LDL
Luke >>ldl
Chewbacca >>ldl
Instructor >>good....
Yoda >>it causes artery blockage
Instructor >>what is wrong with this fatty acid: 13 carbon, omega-9 trans fatty acid
Yoda >>not trans fat it's unsaturated
Princess Leia >>omegas cannot be trans?
Han Solo >>it heeds an even number
Chewbacca >>not enough carbons or wait no double bonds
Lando >>omega's only come in even numbers
Han Solo >>of carbons
Instructor >>needs an even number is correct....
C-3PO >>should be even number
Padme >>there is an odd number of carbons
Instructor >>its omega-9 so it has a double bond at the 9th carbon...that’s fine...its likely monounsaturated....and it could be trans if it was part of a hydrogenation process
Princess Leia >>i didn't know omegas could be trans.
Instructor >>whets wrong with this fatty acid: 18 carbon, omega-3 saturated fatty acid
Chewbacca >>me neither
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>It can't be saturated
Yoda >>can't be sat
Han Solo >>it can be saturated
Instructor >>omega just refers to where the double bond is...that’s all it means
Lando >>omega-3 is not saturated
Instructor >>it refers to where the first double bond is from the free end
Han Solo >>it can't be saturated I meant
Princess Leia >>got it :)
C-3PO >>should be unsaturated
Luke >>saturated fatty acids can't have a double carbon bond
Instructor >>right...if it has an omega designation.,.....which means where the first double bond its from the free end.....then it can't be saturated
Instructor >>fun, huh
Padme >>lots
Yoda >>:)
Chewbacca >>ohhhh
Instructor >>when we have an 18:2 fatty acid...how many hydrogens are missing (compared to an 18:0 fatty acid)
Chewbacca >>four
Lando >>2
Princess Leia >>four?
C-3PO >>4
Yoda >>4
Han Solo >>four
Luke >>4
Padme >>4
Instructor >>four is correct...for each double bond, we have 2 hydrogens missing
Instructor >>which oils have a fair amount of monounsaturated fatty acids in them?
Yoda >>veg
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Canola, Olive
Instructor >>be specific
Chewbacca >>olive peanut and canola
C-3PO >>olive, peanut, canola oil.
Chewbacca >>unsaturated
Instructor >>good...canola, peanut and olive......
Instructor >>which oil has a lot of saturated fatty acids in it
Padme >>canola
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Coconut
Lando >>coconut
Yoda >>coconut
Chewbacca >>coconut oil
Princess Leia >>coconut
Han Solo >>coconut
Chewbacca >>palm
C-3PO >>coconut
Instructor >>right...coconut or palm
Padme >>coconut
Instructor >>what is the coating of the LDL made of??
Chewbacca >>phospholipid
Princess Leia >>phospholipids
Han Solo >>phospholipids
C-3PO >>phospholipids.
Padme >>phospholipids
Luke >>phospholipids
Yoda >>and proteins
Instructor >>good...which part of the phospholipid is on the exterior interacting with water in the blood
Padme >>hydrophilic
Chewbacca >>hydrophilic
Yoda >>hydrophilic
C-3PO >>hydrophilic
Han Solo >>hydrophilic
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Hydrophilic phosphate group
Luke >>hydrophilic
Instructor >>right..which parts are hydrophilic
Padme >>the heads
Princess Leia >>phosphate group and glycerol
Han Solo >>the phosphate group
Luke >>glycerol and phosphate group
Yoda >>phos
Instructor >>good...the phosphate group and the glycerol.
Padme >>I guess the phosphate and glycerol
C-3PO >>glycerol. phosphate group
Instructor >>which part is facing into the center of the lipoprotein?
Princess Leia >>fatty acids
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Fatty acids
Yoda >>FA
C-3PO >>FA
Han Solo >>FA
Padme >>the hydrophobic fatty acids
Instructor >>excellent....where do we find cholesterol in foods
Luke >>hydrophobic. fatty acids
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Animal products
Princess Leia >>eggs
Yoda >>animal
Yoda >>animal
Han Solo >>animal foods
Chewbacca >>animal products
C-3PO >>animal product.
Padme >>animal product
Instructor >>good...animal products.....what are some roles of cholesterol in the body
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Cell membrane for communication with other cells
Han Solo >>part of the cell membrane
Yoda >>gets absorbed by fiber in the GI tract :)
Chewbacca >>vitamin d
Padme >>component of cell membrane
Instructor >>not absorbed but "attached to" or "caught up in"
Princess Leia >>bile acids
Instructor >>good. component of cell membrane, precursor to vitamin D and other hormones, part of bile.....excellent
Han Solo >>raw material for bile and several hormones
Instructor >>shall we switch to carbs
C-3PO >>sure.
Yoda >>ok
Padme >>fine by me
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Can I ask a question about insulin?
Instructor >>if a food has a high glycemic index....what can we conclude about it.
Instructor >>sure...anyone can throw out a question at any time...please do
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>It will make blood sugar spike?
Princess Leia >>high in starch?
Chewbacca >>ahh man pretty bad
Yoda >>spike in blood sugar
Han Solo >>it raises the blood glucose level
Instructor >>okay...so it will cause a substantial increase in blood sugar over time
Instructor >>good......
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>OK, just so I'm clear... Hyperglycemia is caused by an overload of glucose in the blood stream, and the pancreas produces insulin to help the cell membranes accept glucose. In the case of diabetes mellitus, for some reason the cells don't respond well to the insulin. With hypoglycemia, there isn't enough glucose in the blood, so the pancreas?? secretes glucagon to release stored glucose into the bloodstream, from glycogen stores?
Instructor >>okay....others want to respond to Obi-Wan Kenobi....give it a try
Instructor >>take it one point at a time
Instructor >>is she right about the meaning of hyperglycemia
Princess Leia >>I think the first sentence is accurate
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Or is it that glucagon tells the cells to release whatever glucose they have in them?
Yoda >>insulin is secreted as part of a positive feedback mechanism
Instructor >>right...hyperglycemia = high blood sugar.
Yoda >>from the high blood glucose levels
Chewbacca >>blood glucagon is when you have low blood sugar rightar is too high
Princess Leia >>The diabetes mellitus she described is type II
Instructor >>is she right about what insulin does?
C-3PO >>it allow glucose to enter into cells
Chewbacca >>yes
Instructor >>right...so correct there as well.
Padme >>yes....
Han Solo >>yes
Instructor >>and Princess Leia is right....when the cells are resistant to insulin, this is type II diabetes
Instructor >>what causes type one??
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>No insulin
Princess Leia >>body doesn’t produce insulin
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Or not enough produced
Instructor >>right.....good
Padme >>lack of insulin prod
Han Solo >>no insulin production
C-3PO >>no insulin
Instructor >>now...hypoglycemia is what??
Yoda >>not enough insulin produced by pancreas
Princess Leia >>low blood sugar
Chewbacca >>low blood sugar
Padme >>low blood sugar
Luke >>low blood sugar
Yoda >>low blood glucose levels
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Low blood sugar, maybe over-active insulin?
Han Solo >>low blood sugar
Instructor >>good.....
C-3PO >>low blood gluse
Han Solo >>too much insulin
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Or under-active glucagon?
Chewbacca >>that is when glucagon is produced right
Instructor >>in a normal person, as blood glucose drops...what is the body's response
Yoda >>glucagon
Chewbacca >>glucagon
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Release glucagon
Han Solo >>glucagon
Luke >>release glucagon
Padme >>release glucagon
Instructor >>right..pancreas makes glucagon and it goes where to do what?
Yoda >>breaks down glycogen
C-3PO >>release glucagon and glycogen brake down to glucose.
Princess Leia >>in the liver?
Chewbacca >>ohh yeahhh i forgot
Padme >>breaks down glycogen
Han Solo >>breaks down glycogen from liver
Chewbacca >>liver
Instructor >>right glucagon goes to the liver and triggers the breakdown of glycogen to glucose so glucose in the blood can be replenished
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Okay, thanks everybody
Instructor >>so it looks to me like Obi-Wan Kenobi had it pretty correct....right.
Yoda >>yes
Han Solo >>yes
C-3PO >>right
Instructor >>hopefully the body will respond to rising or falling blood glucose levels before they would actually be classified as hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia
Instructor >>what type of chemical reaction joins two monosaccharides into a disaccharide
Han Solo >>condensation
C-3PO >>condensation
Luke >>condensation
Princess Leia >>condensation
Yoda >>condensation
Lando >>condensation
Instructor >>very good!!
Instructor >>I am going to name a carbohydrate....you tell me how it is classified
Instructor >>maltose
Yoda >>di
C-3PO >>starch
Luke >>di
Princess Leia >>disaccharide
Han Solo >>disacc
C-3PO >>oh..dissachride.
Instructor >>good...disaccharide.
Chewbacca >>disaccharide
Instructor >>hemicellulose
Han Solo >>simple sugar also
Yoda >>fiber
Yoda >>poly
Luke >>fiber
C-3PO >>fiber
Han Solo >>complex sugar
Princess Leia >>complex
Han Solo >>poly
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>complex poly fiber
Chewbacca >>starch
Instructor >>good....fiber....and complex carbohydrate
Padme >>condensation?
Instructor >>fructose
Yoda >>mono
C-3PO >>mono
Luke >>mono
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>simple
Chewbacca >>mono
Princess Leia >>mono simple
C-3PO >>simple, mono
Han Solo >>simple sugar mono
Instructor >>good...simple and monosaccharide
Padme >>ok...my computers acting up...sorry guys
Instructor >>glycogen
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Bummer
C-3PO >>complex, poly
Han Solo >>complex
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>animal complex
Han Solo >>poly
Yoda >>energy
Chewbacca >>complex
Luke >>poly
Instructor >>good...complex and polysaccharide
Instructor >>pectin
Chewbacca >>fiber
Yoda >>fiber
Luke >>fiber
Princess Leia >>complex poly
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>soluble fiber, complex, poly
Han Solo >>poly complex
C-3PO >>fiber complex
Yoda >>poly
Chewbacca >>complex
C-3PO >>fiber complex, poly
Instructor >>good ...complex, poly, fiber and soluble
Instructor >>wow.,.....you guys have learned a lot, huh!
Yoda >>yeas
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>I'll find out tomorrow
Instructor >>I will name a carbohydrate and you tell me where it is first broken down during digestion.
Instructor >>starch
Chewbacca >>so true
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Mouth
Yoda >>mouth salivary amylase
Luke >>mouth
Han Solo >>mouth
Chewbacca >>mouth
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Salivary amylase
Instructor >>good......sucrose
Chewbacca >>small intestine
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>GI tract
Yoda >>SI
Luke >>small intestine
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Sucrase
Instructor >>good...small intestines.....
Han Solo >>villi cells
Instructor >>glycogen (trick question)
Princess Leia >>...liver/muscles?
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>We all eat animals while they're still off and running though
C-3PO >>liver muscle
Chewbacca >>you don't eat
Chewbacca >>it
Han Solo >>we don't eat
Yoda >>humans don't eat this unless they eat LIVE animals
Chewbacca >>we produce it
Yoda >>ewwww
C-3PO >>don't eat..it already stored in the liver and muscles
Instructor >>right..don't eat this unless perhaps you like to eat animals while they are still breathing....
Princess Leia >>no thanks.
Instructor >>fiber
Chewbacca >>you can't
Princess Leia >>never
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Not by humans
Yoda >>complex poly
Padme >>doesn't get digested
C-3PO >>feces.
Han Solo >>large intestines a little
Instructor >>it does break down a bit....how
Padme >>well a small amount
Princess Leia >>except for bacteria in LI
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Bacteria in large intestine
Yoda >>in SI from bacteria
Instructor >>right...bacteria break some down
Chewbacca >>bacteria
C-3PO >>majority of fiber =feces?
Chewbacca >>bile
Yoda >>des is right in large intes
Instructor >>good....where is the bran on a kernel of grain
Chewbacca >>outside
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>The shell
Han Solo >>on the outside
C-3PO >>outside of the shell
Yoda >>outside
Padme >>outside
Instructor >>good.....
Instructor >>what causes lactose intolerance??
Princess Leia >>lack of lactase
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>No lactase
Yoda >>lack of lactase
Han Solo >>lack of lactase
Padme >>lack of lactase
Luke >>no lactase
Chewbacca >>inability to produce lactase
Padme >>to help break it down
C-3PO >>no lactase
C-3PO >>consume lactose but can't produce enough of the enzyme lactase
Instructor >>right......no lactase enzyme or insufficient amount
Instructor >>how does soluble fiber lower blood cholesterol??
Chewbacca >>bind to it
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Cholesterol sticks to fiber
Yoda >>Chewbacca is right'
Padme >>in the large intestine, it binds to it
Princess Leia >>binds with bile to flush some of it out
Han Solo >>binds with cholesterol so it can't be reabsorbed
Instructor >>right. binds to cholesterol in GI tract....and where is the cholesterol that it is binding to coming from??
Yoda >>blood
Han Solo >>bile
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Animal products and liver
Chewbacca >>liver
Luke >>liver
Princess Leia >>a little from the diet?
Instructor >>bile (cholesterol rich substance from liver) and your diet
Padme >> liver
Chewbacca >>so liver would be marked wrong
Instructor >>lets compare and contract type one and type two diabetes. Give me one similarity
C-3PO >>soluble fiber binds with cholesterol in GI track and excreted in feces??? is that correct?
Instructor >>that’s right
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Both cause hyperglycemia if untreated
Han Solo >>high glucose level
Princess Leia >>both usually need supplemental insulin
Instructor >>it might be more correct to say both are "defined by" a high blood sugar level or hyperglycemia
Yoda >>healthy diet can help both
Chewbacca >>both can cause blindness
Padme >>both can be "controlled" by diet
Han Solo >>symptoms are somewhat alike
C-3PO >>both have same results.. like blindness , gangrene, kidney disease, cardiovascular disease?
Padme >>meds can be taken with both
Yoda >>polypro
Instructor >>okay...a few comments
Padme >>ok
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Development of both are impacted by genetics
Instructor >>type II doesn't usually need insulin in the first several years....then it may be necessary
Instructor >>type one cannot be controlled strictly by diet...you must take insulin shots to survive
Chewbacca >>both genetic
Instructor >>(or get insulin through pump, nasal spray, etc)
C-3PO >>so Type 1. No glucose can get into the cell without treatment because of no insulin..right?
Instructor >>right C-3PO
Chewbacca >>associated with obesity
Instructor >>there is a genetic aspect to both though neither is totally genetic
C-3PO >>Type 2. insulin is there but many cell receptors don't recognize it. right?
Instructor >>it is a combination of a genetic predisposition and environmental factors in both
Instructor >>only type II is associated with obesity
Chewbacca >>aha
Chewbacca >>not type one
Instructor >>C-3PO is right about type II......cells don't recognize insulin.
C-3PO >>how about the ketoacidosis... is that only type 1?
*+**** Yoda-- entered ANPH0002007FA_Room3. Time:Wed Oct 17 20:53:01 2007
Padme >>and with type one, you must take insulin?
Instructor >>After many years, pancreas may stop producing insulin even in a type II diabetic
Instructor >>ketoacidosis is not only type one but its much less common in type II.
C-3PO >>ok thanks
Instructor >>you can see ketosis in type II but in my experience, it doesn't usually progress to ketoacidosis if the body is making adequate insulin.
Padme >>
Instructor >>in type one, you must take insulin ...yes
Lando >>yes
Padme >>oh ok
Chewbacca >>yes
Instructor >>okay....differences...what are they?
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>And ketosis is because the cells aren't breaking down glucose for energy and are breaking down fat instead?
Chewbacca >>only 5-10 percent of cases in are type one
Han Solo >>Type 1 young people
Yoda >>type ii is usually later in life
C-3PO >>Type 1 is more young people, Type 2 is elderly
Instructor >>ketosis is when the cells have to break down fat (and protein) in the absence of glucose
Princess Leia >>type one uncommon and more likely to be a quick deadly problem
Han Solo >>type 2 mature people
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>OK
Padme >>type 2, weight reduction is usually key
Instructor >>good......
C-3PO >>As we discussed. type 1. is weight loss, Type 2 is obesity.
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Type two can be greatly reduced through weight loss and proper diet
Padme >>type 1, need to coordinate insulin with carbs
Instructor >>good.
Padme >>more?
Instructor >>what about some of the consequences of diabetes....someone named some long-term consequences earlier.....what are some short term consequences
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Dizziness
Luke >>dehydration
Yoda >>dehydration
Instructor >>good...dehydration...why
Chewbacca >>fatigue
Princess Leia >>thirstiness
Luke >>frequent urination
Padme >>glycosuria
Lando >>frequent urination
Han Solo >>polyuria
Yoda >>glucose in urine
Chewbacca >>frequent urination
Han Solo >>polydipsia
Instructor >>why does this happen
Padme >>polyuria
Princess Leia >>because the excess glucose moves into the urine
Chewbacca >>or lack thereof
Han Solo >>too much glucose needs to be eliminated
Luke >>body uses fluid to release glucose from the body
Instructor >>right....the body needs to get rid of the excess glucose in the blood
Princess Leia >>and then you get dehydrated and are therefore thirsty
Instructor >>Wow..you guys did great tonight....lots of fun....any other questions before we call it a night?
Padme >>not me, just have a lil more studying to do
C-3PO >>me too..need to study more.
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Yeah, likewise
Chewbacca >>what a workout
Luke >>yeah same here
Instructor >>well the chat can give you a good idea of where you stand
Han Solo >>the same
Lando >>Thank you, this has helped
Princess Leia >>yeah, this was very helpful
Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Thanks
Instructor >>and its fun too
Padme >>it sure can, thanks
Han Solo >>thank you
Yoda >>good night thank you.
Luke >>thank you
C-3PO >>thanks.
Princess Leia >>thank you
Instructor >>thanks for coming.....good night to all
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Chewbacca >>can we look at it before the exam tomorrow
Padme >>good night everyone
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Obi-Wan Kenobi >>Good night
C-3PO >>good night..
Han Solo >>good night everyone
Instructor >>sure..I will post right now...will take about a half hour
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Chewbacca >>thanks
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C-3PO >>ok..thanks.
*-**** Chewbacca-- left ANPH0002007FA_Room3. Time:Wed Oct 17 21:00:19 2007
*-**** Luke-- left ANPH0002007FA_Room3. Time:Wed Oct 17 21:00:21 2007
*-**** Han Solo-- left ANPH0002007FA_Room3. Time:Wed Oct 17 21:00:25 2007
*-**** Instructor-- left ANPH0002007FA_Room3. Time:Wed Oct 17 21:00:43 2007
*-**** Padme-- left ANPH0002007FA_Room3. Time:Wed Oct 17 21:01:12 2007
*-**** C-3PO-- left ANPH0002007FA_Room3. Time:Wed Oct 17 21:01:27 2007