| For the purpose of
this course, an acid is a molecule which, when dissolved in water, breaks
into ions - the hydrogen ion plus an anion (from your list).
Rule 1: The
formula is written with the hydrogen(s) first.
Rule 2: The subscript on the hydrogen is
determined by balancing the charges of the hydrogen ion and the
anion.
Rule 3: If the anion itself contains hydrogen, then those are left
alone in the formula as usual (except for ions such as hydrogen
carbonate, in which the hydrogen in the anion is combined with the new
acidic hydrogen).
Rule 4: The name of the acid is determined based on the name
of the anion, specifically, based on the ending of the anion name.
The three possibilities are listed here:
|
ANION NAME |
ACID NAME |
| -ide |
hydro- -ic acid |
|
-ite |
-ous acid |
| -ate |
-ic acid |
|
